All Emergencies - Basic life support principles:

1. Maintain an airway
2. Assess breathing
3. Monitor circulation

Management of opioid overdose:

1. Terminate dental treatment.
2. Position the patient.
3. A-B-C Airway, Breathing, Circulation - Basic life support.
4. Definitive Care:
   1. Get medical assistance, if needed.
   2. Administer oxygen
   3. Monitor vital signs
   4. Establish IV line, if possible
   5. Administer Naloxone
      • IV - Adult - Dilute 1 ml ampule (0.4 mg) with 3 ml any IV fluid, administer 1 ml/min until ventilation rate and alertness increase acts within 1-2 minutes
      • IM - Adult - Inject 1 ml intra-muscular or sub-lingual, acts within 10 minutes
5. Permit recovery. Dental treatment may resume, or must remain under constant supervision for 1 hour.
6. Discharge: May require transport to hospital for observation, but in most cases hospitalization is not necessary.

Source: Sedation, A Guide to Patient Management by Stanley F. Malamed